About This Chapter
This practice test covers examining vital test areas, including the vision and the work. Supplies systematically organized provide true/false questions featuring accurate responses, comprehensive explanations, and key term definitions, including accurate answers and comprehensive explanations for each question. Extensive glossary guides and precise definitions facilitate comprehensive understanding and vocabulary development.
The learning goals are as follows:
✓ Summarize physical development in middle adulthood.
✓ Summarize trends in work, retirement, and education in middle adulthood.
Question 1
The ability to focus and maintain an image on the retina is referred to as ________ of the eye.
- muscle integrity
- focal power
- visual acuity
- accommodation
Correct Answer:
accommodation
Glossary:
Accommodation: Piagetian concept of adjusting schemes to fit new information and experiences.
Question 2
Vanessa was never prescribed glasses as a child as she did not have any vision problem. Now, at the age of 45 years, which of the following tasks is most likely to cause her difficulty?
- reading a newspaper
- watching TV
- looking at a turn signal indicator on a vehicle
- reading a road sign during the day
Correct Answer:
reading a newspaper
Question 3
Sandra is turning 50 this year. At this age, she can expect certain age-related conditions, such as loss of strength in her legs and back and difficulty in viewing objects and hearing clearly, to affect her. Of the vision-related issues that affect individuals, which of the following is Sandra most likely to experience because of her age?
- difficulty in viewing moving objects
- difficulty in viewing bright objects
- difficulty in viewing close objects
- difficulty in viewing complicated patterns
Correct Answer:
difficulty in viewing close objects
Glossary:
Accommodation: Piagetian concept of adjusting schemes to fit new information and experiences.
Question 4
Which of the following is an outcome of reduced blood supply to the eye during late middle age?
- decrease in the visual field's size
- decrease in the eye's blind spot
- formation of wrinkles under the eyes
- increase in the size of the pupil
Correct Answer:
decrease in the visual field's size
Glossary:
Visual Preference Method: A method used to determine whether infants can distinguish one stimulus from another by measuring the length of time they attend to different stimuli.
Question 5
Which of the following is the result of reduced blood supply to the eye in the 50s and 60s?
- an increase in accommodation of the eye
- an increase in the eye's blind spot
- an increase in the visual field's size
- an increase in the amount of light entering the eye
Correct Answer:
an increase in the eye's blind spot
Glossary:
Glaucoma: Damage to the optic nerve because of the pressure created by a buildup of fluid in the eye.
Question 6
At 60 years of age, the retina receives only ________ as much light as it did at 20 years of age.
- two-thirds
- one-fourth
- half
- one-third
Correct Answer:
one-third
Question 7
Which of the following is a reason for the reduction in light received by the retina during middle adulthood?
- an increase in the size of the iris
- an increase in blood supply to the eye
- reduced size of the pupil
- reduced opacity of the lens
Correct Answer:
reduced size of the pupil
Glossary:
Middle Adulthood: The developmental period that begins at approximately 40 to 45 years of age and extends to about 60 to 65 years of age.
Question 8
During middle age, the sensitivity to ________ sounds declines first.
- low-pitched
- high-volume
- high-pitched
- high-amplitude
Correct Answer:
high-pitched
Question 9
Sensitivity to ________ sounds usually declines first among ________.
- high-pitched; women
- high-pitched; men
- low-pitched; women
- low-pitched; men
Correct Answer:
high-pitched; men
Question 10
Accommodation of the eye experiences its sharpest decline between ________ years of age.
- 20 and 29
- 60 and 79
- 40 and 59
- 30 and 35
Correct Answer:
40 and 59
Glossary:
Accommodation: Piagetian concept of adjusting schemes to fit new information and experiences.
Question 11
Which of the following statements is true of work in midlife?
- There are always huge differences in the work performance of young adults and middle-aged adults.
- Age related declines occur in some occupations such as air traffic controllers and professional athletes.
- There is usually little emphasis on work during middle adulthood regardless of the work being full-time, part-time, or volunteer work.
- The peak of work performance is usually reached in early adulthood and hence the percentage of people working during middle adulthood is the lowest.
Correct Answer:
Age related declines occur in some occupations such as air traffic controllers and professional athletes.