About This Chapter
This practice test offers test questions focused on areas such as fluid and crystallized intelligence and health. Provides presents practice questions with accurate answers, comprehensive explanations, and terminology definitions structured by difficulty ratings with accurate responses, detailed explanations, and glossary references. Each question provides correct answers, detailed explanations, glossary terms, and difficulty levels for effective study sessions.
The learning objectives include:
✓ Summarize cognitive changes in middle adulthood.
✓ Summarize physical development in middle adulthood.
Question 1
Fluid intelligence is the ability to
- reason abstractly.
- recall information.
- accumulate information.
- accumulate verbal skills.
Correct Answer:
reason abstractly.
Glossary:
Fluid Intelligence: The ability to reason abstractly, which begins to decline from middle adulthood onward, according to Horn.
Question 2
John Horn maintains that in middle adulthood, ________ intelligence continues to increase.
- fluid
- semantic
- crystallized
- multiple
Correct Answer:
crystallized
Glossary:
Middle Adulthood: The developmental period that begins at approximately 40 to 45 years of age and extends to about 60 to 65 years of age.
Question 3
According to John Horn, ________ steadily declines from middle adulthood onward.
- fluid intelligence
- crystallized intelligence
- verbal memory
- kinesthetic intelligence
Correct Answer:
fluid intelligence
Glossary:
Fluid Intelligence: The ability to reason abstractly, which begins to decline from middle adulthood onward, according to Horn.
Question 4
Identify a possible reason for the changes in fluid and crystallized intelligence of different age groups in John Horn's cross-sectional study.
- secular trends
- cohort effects
- declining IQ with age
- biases in IQ testing
Correct Answer:
cohort effects
Glossary:
Cohort Effects: Characteristics determined by a person’s time of birth, era, or generation rather than the person’s actual age.
Question 5
Crystallized intelligence is
- an individual's ability to reason abstractly.
- an individual's accumulated information and verbal skills.
- an individual's ability to think hypothetically.
- an individual's ability to use deductive reasoning.
Correct Answer:
an individual's accumulated information and verbal skills.
Glossary:
Intelligence: Problem-solving skills and the ability to learn from and adapt to the experiences of everyday life.
Question 6
Michelle's blood test reveals that her level of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is very high and that it makes the LDL stick to the sides of the blood vessels, thus causing the arteries to harden. In this scenario, Michelle is most likely to suffer from a condition known as
- arteriosclerosis.
- osteoporosis.
- multiple sclerosis.
- atherosclerosis.
Correct Answer:
arteriosclerosis.
Question 7
Silas is a man who is in his late 70s. He has a condition characterized by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance. This is otherwise known as
- diabetic neuropathy.
- metabolic syndrome.
- internal atrophy.
- neurodegeneration.
Correct Answer:
metabolic syndrome.
Glossary:
Metabolic Syndrome: A condition characterized by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome often leads to the onset of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Question 8
Landon is 45 years old, and he is obese and suffers from hypertension. He was recently diagnosed with a condition called metabolic syndrome and was advised to exercise every day as well as eat small and healthy meals. In this scenario, which of the following is Landon most likely to suffer from because of his condition?
- arteriosclerosis and cirrhosis of the liver
- pancreatic cancer and fatty liver
- irritable bowel syndrome and gastric ulcers
- diabetes and cardiovascular disease
Correct Answer:
diabetes and cardiovascular disease
Glossary:
Metabolic Syndrome: A condition characterized by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome often leads to the onset of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Question 9
Which of the following is an example of a nonfatal chronic disorder?
- stroke
- bursitis
- cancer
- cardiovascular disease
Correct Answer:
bursitis
Glossary:
Chronic Disorders: Disorders that are characterized by slow onset and long duration. They are rare in early adulthood, increase during middle adulthood, and become common in late adulthood.
Question 10
Which of the following statements is true of metabolic syndrome?
- Weight loss and exercise are strongly recommended as part of the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
- Metabolic syndrome usually reduces any risk of diabetes or any other cardiovascular disease.
- Metabolic syndrome often leads to anorexia nervosa.
- Waist circumference is the least recommended method in predicting metabolic syndrome.
Correct Answer:
Weight loss and exercise are strongly recommended as part of the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
Glossary:
Metabolic Syndrome: A condition characterized by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome often leads to the onset of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Question 11
Which of the following statements is true of cholesterol levels in humans?
- High-density cholesterol leads to the hardening of the arteries when its level increases and sticks to the lining of the blood vessels.
- Low-density cholesterol is referred to as good cholesterol as it reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.
- High-density cholesterol is referred to as bad cholesterol as the risk of cardiovascular disease increases when low-density cholesterol is high.
- The level of cholesterol in the blood increases during the adult years and in midlife and begins to accumulate on the artery walls.
Correct Answer:
The level of cholesterol in the blood increases during the adult years and in midlife and begins to accumulate on the artery walls.
Question 12
Which of the following statements is true of lung capacity in middle age?
- There is significant change in lung capacity through most of middle adulthood.
- In late middle age, the proteins in lung tissue become more elastic.
- Stiffening of the chest wall decreases the lungs' capacity to shuttle oxygen.
- The lung capacity of smokers increases drastically in middle age.
Correct Answer:
Stiffening of the chest wall decreases the lungs' capacity to shuttle oxygen.
Question 13
Which of the following statements is true of cardiovascular disease?
- When HDL is high and LDL is low, the risk of cardiovascular disease is lessened.
- When HDL is high and LDL is low, the risk of cardiovascular disease is increased.
- When HDL is low and LDL is high, the risk of cardiovascular disease is lessened.
- When both HDL and LDL are low, the risk of cardiovascular disease is lessened.
Correct Answer:
When HDL is high and LDL is low, the risk of cardiovascular disease is lessened.
Question 14
Individuals with metabolic syndrome who ________ reduced their risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
- maintained a high blood glucose level
- were physically active
- maintained a high LDL level
- were physically inactive
Correct Answer:
were physically active
Question 15
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is often referred to as ________ cholesterol because when it is high and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is low, the risk of cardiovascular disease is lower.
- good
- simple
- complex
- compound
Correct Answer:
good
Glossary:
Goodness of Fit: Refers to the match between a child’s temperament and the environmental demands with which the child must cope.
Question 16
Samantha gets a blood test done, and the test results indicate that her level of bad cholesterol is high and that she will have to keep it under control. She researches online and finds out that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is referred to as bad cholesterol. Which of the following best explains the reason why LDL is referred to as bad cholesterol?
- High levels of LDL increase the risk of breast cancer.
- High levels of LDL cause arteriosclerosis.
- Low levels of LDL accelerate the process of aging.
- Low levels of LDL cause atherosclerosis.
Correct Answer:
High levels of LDL cause arteriosclerosis.
Question 17
LDL is often referred to as ________ cholesterol.
- "simple"
- "good"
- "bad"
- "white"
Correct Answer:
"bad"
Glossary:
Anger: Kübler-Ross’ second stage of dying, in which the dying person’s denial gives way to anger, resentment, rage, and envy.
Question 18
Cholesterol comes in two forms, ________ and HDL.
- LDL
- BDL
- GAL
- QUL
Correct Answer:
LDL