About This Chapter
This test readiness collection focuses on evaluating understanding of topics like parenting, the parenting cultural, ethnic, and socioeconomic variations in parenting, the parenting parent-child relations, peer group functions, and play functions. Provides a range of supplies test questions featuring verified responses, detailed explanations, and concept glossaries supplemented with glossary resources and detailed definitional explanations. Every assessment includes accurate solutions, comprehensive reasoning, key definitions, and challenge ratings for thorough review.
The learning goals are as follows:
✓ Explain how parenting practices influence development.
✓ Describe play in early childhood.
Question 1
In the context of child maltreatment, which of the following would most likely constitute child neglect?
- beating a child
- allowing chronic truancy
- commercial exploitation of a child
- fondling a child's genitals
Correct Answer:
allowing chronic truancy
Glossary:
Chronic Disorders: Disorders that are characterized by slow onset and long duration. They are rare in early adulthood, increase during middle adulthood, and become common in late adulthood.
Question 2
Tom and Katie have recently split up, but for the benefit of their child, they attempt to provide one another support in jointly raising their child. This is an example of
- joint parenting.
- cooperative parenting.
- collaborative parenting.
- coparenting.
Correct Answer:
coparenting.
Glossary:
Coparenting: Support parents provide for each other in jointly raising their children.
Question 3
Research conducted by Ruth Chao suggests that
- the high control of Asian parents is best conceptualized as "training" and is distinct from the domineering control characteristic of an authoritarian style of parenting.
- "authoritarian" parenting is "authoritarian" parenting, whether the parent is Asian American, African American, or European American.
- contrary to stereotypes, Asian parents are indulgent and permissive.
- consistent with stereotypes, Asian parents are domineering and controlling and have rigid/unrealistic expectations for academic achievement in their children.
Correct Answer:
the high control of Asian parents is best conceptualized as "training" and is distinct from the domineering control characteristic of an authoritarian style of parenting.
Glossary:
Authoritarian Parenting: A restrictive, punitive style in which parents exhort the child to follow their directions and to respect their work and effort. The authoritarian parent places firm limits and controls on the child and allows little verbal exchange. Authoritarian parenting is associated with children’s social incompetence.
Question 4
Eight-year-old Sara's mom has repeatedly called her fat and worthless, which has caused Sara to become withdrawn at home and in school. These actions are best characterized as
- child neglect.
- sexual abuse.
- emotional abuse.
- child assault.
Correct Answer:
emotional abuse.
Glossary:
Emotion: Feeling, or affect, that occurs when a person is in a state or interaction that is important to him or her. Emotion is characterized by behavior that reflects (expresses) the pleasantness or unpleasantness of the state a person is in or the transactions being experienced.
Question 5
Which of the following is true about childhood maltreatment?
- Two-thirds of parents who are abused go on to abuse their own children.
- Childhood maltreatment can be caused by a single factor.
- Violence on television does not impact the violence we see in families.
- Parenting stress, substance abuse, social isolation, single parenting, and socioeconomic difficulties all may contribute to childhood maltreatment.
Correct Answer:
Parenting stress, substance abuse, social isolation, single parenting, and socioeconomic difficulties all may contribute to childhood maltreatment.
Question 6
According to a study, maltreated young children in foster care were ________ than middle-SES young children living with their birth family.
- less likely to be depressed and engage in suicidal ideation
- less likely to engage in violent romantic relationships, delinquency, sexual risk taking, and substance abuse
- more likely to show abnormal stress hormone levels
- more likely to openly discuss difficult emotional circumstances
Correct Answer:
more likely to show abnormal stress hormone levels
Glossary:
Hormonal Stress Theory: The theory that aging in the body’s hormonal system can decrease resistance to stress and increase the likelihood of disease.
Question 7
Maribel works as a housekeeper at a hotel. She has no autonomy in her work, works long hours, and feels quite stressed by her job. Kim is a lawyer who works long hours but has control over her work and a great office environment. Ann Crouter would say that
- Kim's children are likely to experience less effective parenting than Maribel's children.
- Maribel's children are likely to experience less effective parenting than Kim's children.
- both Maribel's and Kim's children are likely to do poorly in school.
- neither Maribel's nor Kim's children will be negatively affected by their mothers' jobs.
Correct Answer:
Maribel's children are likely to experience less effective parenting than Kim's children.
Question 8
In the context of working parents, a consistent finding is that in contrast to children whose mothers are not employed outside the home, children of working mothers
- have more egalitarian views of gender.
- engage in more gender stereotyping.
- are more stressed and demanding.
- enjoy more free time.
Correct Answer:
have more egalitarian views of gender.
Glossary:
Gender: The characteristics of people as males or females.
Question 9
Which of the following is true of how parents' work affects the development of their children?
- The nature of parents' work has more influence on children's development than whether a parent works outside the home.
- Children of working mothers are less likely to develop a secure attachment to their parents.
- Children (especially girls) of working mothers engage in more gender stereotyping.
- Whether one or both parents work outside the home is critical to children's development.
Correct Answer:
The nature of parents' work has more influence on children's development than whether a parent works outside the home.
Question 10
Which of the following is most likely a function that a child's peer group performs which is difficult for a sibling to do?
- having a same-sex friend
- getting a chance to share intimate feelings
- providing comparison on how the child compares with other children of the same age
- giving a view of what the world looks like from another person's perspective
Correct Answer:
providing comparison on how the child compares with other children of the same age
Question 11
Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky considered play to be valuable because
- it helps children release tension.
- it advances children's cognitive development.
- it helps children satisfy their need for mastery over their environment.
- it allows children to interact with their peers.
Correct Answer:
it advances children's cognitive development.
Question 12
Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson considered play to be valuable because
- it helps a child master anxieties and conflicts.
- it advances a child's cognitive development.
- it helps children satisfy their need for mastery over their environment.
- it allows children to interact with their peers.
Correct Answer:
it helps a child master anxieties and conflicts.
Glossary:
Attachment: A close emotional bond between two people.
Question 13
Which statement best summarizes Daniel Berlyne's views about children's play?
- Play is important for developing motor skills and coordination.
- Play is important only because it occupies children during times when they are not learning more important things.
- Children use play to digest past experiences and to derive meaning from what has happened to them.
- Children use play to explore new things to satisfy their natural curiosity about the world.
Correct Answer:
Children use play to explore new things to satisfy their natural curiosity about the world.