About This Chapter
This test readiness collection focuses on examining vital test areas including the balancing work and school, and the becoming an adult. Delivers carefully selected presents practice questions with accurate answers, comprehensive explanations, and terminology definitions enhanced with terminology guides and clear concept definitions. Each question includes the correct answer, detailed explanation, relevant glossary terms, and difficulty rating for comprehensive preparation.
The learning goals consist of the following:
✓ Summarize the transition to higher education and work in early childhood.
✓ Describe the transition from adolescence to adulthood.
Question 1
Which of the following statements is true about working while in college?
- Working more hours results in a decline in grades.
- Working while in college has largely positive effects.
- Working while in college is to be discouraged as it does not contribute to education in any way.
- College students who work more hours have better grades than those who do not work.
Correct Answer:
Working more hours results in a decline in grades.
Glossary:
Working Memory: A mental “workbench” where individuals manipulate and assemble information when making decisions, solving problems, and comprehending written and spoken language.
Question 2
According to Jeffrey Arnett, which of the following statements accurately describes emerging adulthood as a time during which individuals are self-focused?
- Emerging adults have little in the way of social obligations, which leaves them with a great deal of autonomy in running their own lives.
- Many emerging adults don't consider themselves adolescents or full-fledged adults.
- Emerging adults experience residential changes during early adulthood, which commonly leads to instability in love, work, and education.
- Many individuals experience key changes in identity during emerging adulthood.
Correct Answer:
Emerging adults have little in the way of social obligations, which leaves them with a great deal of autonomy in running their own lives.
Glossary:
Emerging Adulthood: The transition from adolescence to adulthood (occurring from approximately 18 to 25 years of age), which is characterized by experimentation and exploration.
Question 3
Which of the following statements is true about the various aspects of emerging adulthood?
- Increased freedom that is available to emerging adults in Western society places a premium on the capacity to plan ahead and make positive choices.
- For many individuals, identity exploration in love and work remains stable during this period.
- It usually characterizes development in all cultures.
- Most people have little or no autonomy in running their own lives in this period.
Correct Answer:
Increased freedom that is available to emerging adults in Western society places a premium on the capacity to plan ahead and make positive choices.
Glossary:
Emerging Adulthood: The transition from adolescence to adulthood (occurring from approximately 18 to 25 years of age), which is characterized by experimentation and exploration.
Question 4
In the United States, the most widely recognized marker of entry into adulthood is
- holding a more or less permanent, full-time job.
- moving into one's own home.
- getting married.
- having a child.
Correct Answer:
holding a more or less permanent, full-time job.
Question 5
Which of the following statements is true about the various markers of adulthood?
- In developing countries, marriage is hardly a significant marker for entry into adulthood.
- Economic independence is one of the key markers of adult status, but achieving it has been considered a long process.
- Marriage is the most widely recognized marker of entry into adulthood among industrialized countries such as America.
- The criteria for adulthood remain the same across different types of economies.
Correct Answer:
Economic independence is one of the key markers of adult status, but achieving it has been considered a long process.
Glossary:
Emerging Adulthood: The transition from adolescence to adulthood (occurring from approximately 18 to 25 years of age), which is characterized by experimentation and exploration.
Question 6
Derek is a young adult who recently graduated from college. Despite excelling at academics, he is unable to find a meaningful job. Derek has maturity fears, which he has been experiencing since his early adolescent years. He continues to live with his parents and relies on them for financial support. According to Joseph and Claudia Allen, which of the following should Derek's parents have done to launch him adequately into the adult years?
- They should have protected him from constructive and negative criticism.
- They should have showered him with praise and material things.
- They should have created service learning opportunities for him.
- They should have assigned him tasks that match his level of ability.
Correct Answer:
They should have created service learning opportunities for him.
Glossary:
Service Learning: A form of education that promotes social responsibility and service to the community.
Question 7
James, an American, will be most likely considered as an adult by his peers and community when he ________, whereas Nirmal, who lives in Bangladesh, will be most likely considered as an adult by his community when he ________.
- moves out of the house; graduates from college
- gets a full-time job; gets married
- turns 21; becomes financially independent
- gets married; buys his first home
Correct Answer:
gets a full-time job; gets married
Glossary:
Life-Span Perspective: The perspective that development is lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, and contextual; involves growth, maintenance, and regulation; and is constructed through biological, sociocultural, and individual factors working together.
Question 8
In nonindustrialized countries, marriage-the marker for entry into adulthood-usually occurs ________ the adulthood markers in the United States.
- much earlier than
- much later than
- around the same time as
- immediately after
Correct Answer:
much earlier than
Question 9
The transition from adolescence to adulthood has been referred to as emerging adulthood, which occurs from approximately ________ years of age.
- 12 to 18
- 18 to 25
- 21 to 26
- 20 to 30
Correct Answer:
18 to 25
Question 10
The concept of emerging adulthood has been criticized as applying mainly to
- individuals with a master's degree.
- young adults who engage in unhealthy behaviors.
- adolescents who are privileged.
- individuals living in limiting economic conditions.
Correct Answer:
adolescents who are privileged.
Question 11
"Many emerging adults are optimistic about their future, and for emerging adults who have experienced difficult times while growing up, emerging adulthood presents an opportunity to direct their lives in a more positive direction." These are the two ways described by Jeffrey Arnett in which emerging adulthood can be viewed as
- a period of stability.
- the period of social responsibilities.
- the age of possibilities.
- a time of feeling "in-between."
Correct Answer:
the age of possibilities.