About This Chapter
This assessment collection covers checking your mastery of concepts like substance use and abuse, timing and variations in puberty, timing of sexual behaviors, and transition to middle/junior high school. Contains professionally crafted multiple-choice questions with correct answers, detailed explanations, and glossary definitions categorized by challenge grades, including complete answers, thorough explanations, and definitional resources. Every question offers accurate answers, explanatory notes, definitional resources, and difficulty ratings for a comprehensive review.
The learning goals consist of the following:
✓ Summarize the impact that lifestyle choices and health problems have on adolescents.
✓ Describe the physical changes that occur during adolescence.
✓ Summarize key aspects of how schools influence different stages of adolescent development.
Question 1
Adolescent use of alcohol has recently shown a(n)
- insignificant change.
- sizeable decline.
- mild increase.
- significant increase.
Correct Answer:
sizeable decline.
Question 2
Adolescents in the Family Matters program reported
- no change in alcohol and cigarette use at three months but a marked decline at one year.
- lower alcohol and cigarette use at three months, but the positive effect seemed to wear off about one year after the program had been completed.
- no change in alcohol use but a marked decrease in cigarette smoking.
- lower alcohol and cigarette use at three months and at one year after the program had been completed.
Correct Answer:
lower alcohol and cigarette use at three months and at one year after the program had been completed.
Glossary:
Addiction: A pattern of behavior characterized by an overwhelming involvement with using a drug and a preoccupation with securing its supply.
Question 3
The Family Matters program was designed to help families of adolescents to reduce the amount of
- domestic violence.
- cigarette and alcohol use.
- adolescent pregnancies.
- juvenile delinquency.
Correct Answer:
cigarette and alcohol use.
Glossary:
Addiction: A pattern of behavior characterized by an overwhelming involvement with using a drug and a preoccupation with securing its supply.
Question 4
Recent research revealed that ________ parenting was linked to lower adolescent alcohol consumption and cigarette use.
- authoritarian
- authoritative
- neglectful
- indulgent
Correct Answer:
authoritative
Glossary:
Authoritative Parenting: A parenting style in which parents encourage their children to be independent but still place limits and controls on their actions. Extensive verbal give-and-take is allowed, and parents are warm and nurturing toward the child. Authoritative parenting is associated with children’s social competence.
Question 5
Bill wants to know how he can prevent his adolescent son from becoming a drug addict. You would suggest that Bill
- have family dinners most nights of the week.
- discourage his son from making more friends at school.
- engage in less parental monitoring and control.
- cease to emphasize educational success.
Correct Answer:
have family dinners most nights of the week.
Question 6
According to a research study by Johnston and others (2018), since the mid-1990s, an increasing percentage of U.S. adolescents have reported that they
- approve of smoking.
- are more accepting of being around smokers.
- prefer to date nonsmokers.
- do not perceive e-cigarette smoking as dangerous.
Correct Answer:
prefer to date nonsmokers.
Question 7
Which of the following qualifies as binge drinking as defined in the University of Michigan surveys?
- having less than five drinks in the last 2 weeks
- having seven or more drinks in a row in the last 2 weeks
- having less than four drinks in the last week
- having five or more drinks in a row in the last 2 weeks
Correct Answer:
having five or more drinks in a row in the last 2 weeks
Glossary:
Binge Eating Disorder (BED): Involves frequent binge eating but without compensatory behavior like the purging that characterizes bulimics.
Question 8
Which of the following has been found to be true about binge drinking among U.S. adolescents?
- Binge drinking has declined among high school seniors since 1980.
- Binge drinking has increased for students in the eighth grade in recent years.
- Binge drinking has increased for students in the tenth grade in recent years.
- Females engage in more binge drinking than males.
Correct Answer:
Binge drinking has declined among high school seniors since 1980.
Question 9
Which of the following statements about the timing and variations in puberty is true?
- Two boys of the same chronological age will generally complete the pubertal sequence at the same time.
- Menarche is considered within the normal range for girls if it appears between the ages of 9 and 15.
- Genes have little to do with when and how puberty develops.
- Weight of an individual is unrelated to pubertal onset.
Correct Answer:
Menarche is considered within the normal range for girls if it appears between the ages of 9 and 15.
Glossary:
Menarche: A girl’s first menstruation.
Question 10
In the United States, the average age of menarche has ________ since the mid-nineteenth century.
- increased marginally
- declined significantly
- increased significantly
- not changed
Correct Answer:
declined significantly
Glossary:
Menarche: A girl’s first menstruation.
Question 11
Which of the following statements is true of the timing of adolescent sexual behavior in the United States?
- Oral sex is a common occurrence among American adolescents.
- African Americans are likely to engage in sexual behaviors later than other ethnic groups.
- Asian Americans are likely to engage in sexual behaviors earlier than other ethnic groups.
- The majority of Americans report having their first sexual intercourse before the age of 10.
Correct Answer:
Oral sex is a common occurrence among American adolescents.
Glossary:
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): Infections that are contracted primarily through sexual contact, including oral-genital and anal-genital contact.
Question 12
When Diana transitioned from elementary school to middle school, she moved from being one of the oldest, biggest, and most powerful students in the elementary school to being one of the youngest, smallest, and least powerful students in the middle school. This phenomenon is known as the
- blindsight phenomenon.
- top-dog phenomenon.
- domino effect.
- glass-ceiling effect.
Correct Answer:
top-dog phenomenon.
Glossary:
Top-Dog Phenomenon: The circumstance of moving from the top position in elementary school to the lowest position in middle or junior high school.